Hue Attractions

 

Hue Royal City

Construction for the Hue royal city started in 1805 under the reign of King Gia Long and was completed in 1832 under the reign pf King Minh Mang. The city was built in an enclose of 5.2 sq. kilometers on the northern bank of the Huong (Perfume) river.

As far as architecture is concerned, the royal city of Hue was built in the style of the French military architect Vau Ban in combination with an Oriental palace architecture. The city has three perimeters of rampart : the defensive fort, the Imperial Enclosure and the forbidden Purple City (Tu Cam Thanh).

The defensive fort: This is the outermost boundary with a circumference of 9, 950 meters. The fort has 10 gates opened to road travelers and two gates for water routes. It is 21 meters thick and equipped with 24 embrasures.

The Imperial Enclosure (Hoang Thanh): The Imperial Enclosure is the second perimeter of rampart which has a second name known as Dai Noi. The fort with a perimeter of 2, 450 meters is accessible through four gates : Ngo Mon (Noon Gate) to the south, Hoa Binh (Peace) to the north, Hien Nhon to the east and Chuong Duc to the west, Ngo Mon is the main entrance gate of the royal city. Formerly it was reserved only for the passage of the kings. This is among the few ancient architectural projects which remain almost intact.

Forbidden Purple city (Tu Cam Thanh): This is the third and the innermost fort of the royal complex. The for with a perimeters of 1,225 meters is accessible through seven gates. This was the place reserved for the private life of the kings and their families. The forbidden Purple City is almost isolated with the outside world.

The whole royal complex of Hue has been Officially recognised by UNESCO as an item listed in the World Heritage.

Ngo Mon 

There are five gates to Ngo Mon with the central gate being reserved for the kings only. It is 4.2 meters high and 3.7 meters wide. The two adjacent gates on both sides of the central gate are exclusively for court officials. The other two outer gates are used for servants and member so the royal entourage. On top of the arch is Five phoenix Tower which was formerly the place where the king was also the place where ceremonies were organised to announce the names of laureate candidates from royal examinations before those names were put on the notice board hanged on the Phu Van Lau (Phu Vawn tower).

In the reign of the Nguyen kings the Ngo Mon Gate was opened only when the kings were passing by or the kings received foreign ambassadors.

Thai Hoa Palace

Thai Hoa Palace : Thai Hoa Palace (the Palace of Supreme Peace) was built in 1805 in the style of architectural designs made for the construction of the other structures like shrines, palaces and mausoleums in the imperial city of Hue in the 19th century. The size of the structure is about 1,300 sq. meters. The main hall is 43.3 meters long and 30.3 meters wide. The palace is made of two separate halls. The front hall is called ante-chamber and the other is billed as the main hall where is erected throne of the king.

This is the most significant place in the royal palace. It was used for the king's official receptions and other important court ceremonies such as anniversaries and coronations.

The Mieu

The Mieu : This was one of the many shrines and temples dedicated to the kings and royal members of the Nguyen Dynasty. Within Hoang Thanh there are five temples. Trieu Mieu was used for the worship of Nguyen Kim believed to be the founder of the Nguyen lineage; Thai Mieu for the worshop of nine Nguyen Lords; Hung Mieu for the worship of the father of King Gia Long; The Mieu for the worship of the Nguyen Kings; and Dien Mieu also for the worship of the Nguyen Kings. The last temple was reverved for those ladies living in the inner court to go for pray because they were not allowed to enter The Mieu.

The Mieu was built in 1921 to worship King Gia Long. Later it was used to worship other king as well So far, The Mieu has been for the worship of ten kings.

The Mieu is also made up by two separate halls like Dien Thai Hoa. It is 55 meters long and 28 meters wide. Each of the hall in The Mieu is furnished with an ornate bed made of ironwood and covered with golden glaze and red lacquer, an altar, funerary tablets and some precious military weapon used for worshipping purpose. This was the place on the date of the king's death the court organised grand funeral services headed by the king's successor. The Mieu is said to be the biggest of the kinds of shrines ever built in Vietnam.

Nine Dynastic Urns

Nine Dynastic Urns: The Nine Dynastic Urns were cast in 1835-1837 and weighing 1,600 to 2,600 kilograms each. The heaviest is 2,755 kilograms. It is more than two meters high and the diameter of the upper lid is more than one meters. The nine urns have different name each, namely Cao, Nhan, Chuong, Anh, Nghi, Than, Tuyen, Du, and Huyen. The urn Huyen is the smallest. It is 1.9 meters high and the diameter of the upper lid is 1.12 meters. It weighs 1,047 kilograms. The cast of the nine urns cost up to 20 tones of bronze copper. These are the greatest achievements of Vietnam's technique of bronze casting in the 19th century.

Each urn symbolizes a king's sovereignty and the whole row of urns represents the power and stability of the Nguyen throne. Traditional ornamentation was chiseled into the sides of the urns, each of which is dedicated to different Nguyen sovereign. The designs based on classic motifs include the sun, the moon, the meteors, clounds, mountains, rivers, and various Vietnamese landscapes and people's life. Many consider the nine urns as a summary encyclopaedia of Vietnam's landscapes and farm produce and animals.

Hien Lam Cac: Hien lam Cac is regarded as a memorial monument to remind younger generations of those people whose merits and contributions to the founding of the Nguyen Dynasty had been recognised by the kings. Like the Nguyen King's who were worshipped in The Mieu those meritorious people were worshipped in the two halls located on either side of Hien Lam Cac.

Thien Mu Pagoda

This is also known as Linh Mu Pagoda and one of the several most beautiful and ancient architectural structures for religious worship in Hue city. The pagoda is situated on the Ha Khe hillock area on the left bank of the Perfume river.

The pagoda was built in the 14th century and is adhere to a legend of a fairy lady in red. Therefore is has the name of Thien Mu (Fairy lady from the heaven). The general structure of the pagoda is not different from that of other pagoda pound in the country. Yet, what is the most striking feature of the pagoda is the Phuoc Duyen Tower. The octagonal tower is 21 meters high and divided into seven stories. The tower was built by King Thieu Tri in 1844 and has become the unofficial symbol of Hue. Each of the seven stories is dedicated to a Buddha who appeared in human form (maushi Buddha). Each of the Buddha statue is placed in a small arch door in each story facing to the southern direction. Especially in the top lever three statues of Buddha are placed. Initially the three statues were made of gold. However they had been lost. Now the three new statues are made of bronze copper.

To the right of the tower is a pavilion containing the said stele dating from 1715. It is 2.6 meters high and 1.2 meters wide. It is the set on the back of a massive marble turtle, symbol of longevity.

To the left of the tower is another six-sided pavilion sheltering an enormous bell. The bell, called Dai Hong Chung, was cast in 1710. It weighs 2,632 kilograms and is 1.4 meters in circumference. This bell is considered one of the achievements of bronze casting industry in Vietnam in the 18th century.

Ngu Binh Mountain

This is one of the best sights for scenic beauty in Hue. It has another name of Bang Son, three kilometers from the royal city of Hue. Ngu Binh is a trapezium figure. The top of Ngu Binh mountain is flat, 103 meters above sea level. From a distance, visitors can see the mountain range as a massive curtain protecting the imperial city of Hue from storms and strong winds. Together with the Huong (perfume) River, Ngu Binh mountain is a symbol of Hue.